ok, my first idea was, that maybe you must enable

Force auto-update, even if some files were modified at studio/settings/general

but when the apps no longer available in appstore for updates, then this works not. you can try to clear cache and public cache folder but not the .htaccess file

or hopefully, you made a backup before starting update your site, then you can restore it and enable the force auto update option if you have not done and try again the update and be sure, you use minimum php 8.1

or you waiting for better suggestions, i am not a professional =)