When you say make all uploaded files "public" as in mod 777 Read/Write Public. ?? 

No, I mean make them public is S3 storage, different S3 providers provide different interface to make bucket public.

also in the Database table why would some fields not change to S3 by changing it in Studio > Settings > Storage... ? Is this because of additional installed modules??

Because when you change storage in UNA, then UNA can't move files automatically between different types of storages, so you need to move files manually and then change manually records in the database